Numéro 12 (1): 2015
Articles
Coville, THIERRY
L’entreprise familiale est-elle corrompue ?
ABSTRACT
Is family business corrupt? Since the Enron and WorldCom cases, there has been a growing interest in corruption in the corporate world. A large number of studies having demonstrated that Family Businesses (FB) are the most important forms of organization in the business world, it seemed logical to look at the relationship between FB and corruption. FB being supposed to be concerned by human relationships and to focus on the long term, they should not be concerned by these questions. Nevertheless, the literature underlines that FB could be organizations able to corrupt the political system. Besides, FB could have organizational characteristics that would make it prone to be related to corruption cases.
KEYWORDS
family businesses, corruption
Martin, DAVID
ABSTRACT
Consumers are legitimate stakeholders but are unevenly active and powerful in the dynamics that can lead companies to a more socially responsible behaviour. This article proposes to test the relevance, across the struggles of consumers, of the well-known opposition in business ethics between ethics of justice and ethics of care. Relying on a semi-participant direct and webnographic observation of a wide citizen movement that arose in Spain, questioning banks and mortgage regulation, after the explosion of the housing bubble in 2008, this article strives to highlight the permanent dual approach to ethics at all levels of the movement, from spokespersons to supporters, in speech and in actions. One approach is more focused on laws and principles, whereas the other is more focused on direct support to people affected by foreclosures. This article demonstrates the continuities between these two registers of justice and care and their functional complementarities in the dynamics of mobilization. A discussion will then follow on the substance of the opposition between the ethics of justice and the ethics of care as well as on the possible representativeness of this case: behind the singularities of the mortgage issue or of Spanish political culture, one cannot but observe the challenging mobilizing process that comprises a human rightist activism combined with a feminist approach to social issues.
KEYWORDS
ethics of justice, ethics of care, mortgage credit, social movement, human rightism‟, resistance of the consumer
Lupton, SYLVIE
Quelle transparence pour le commerce équitable ?
ABSTRACT
According to different opinion polls, French consumers lack information on fair trade products, albeit certification and labels existing on these products. Labelled fair trade products can be considered as credence goods. Moreover, the impacts of fair trade on the welfare of small producers remain controversial among researchers. Fair trade products are thus also prone to shared uncertainty regarding the global impacts on small producers, and fair trade products can also be considered as indeterminate goods. Faced with this important quality uncertainty, this paper questions the necessity to develop more transparency of fair trade towards consumers.
KEYWORDS
fair trade labels, information asymmetry, shared uncertainty, transparency
Champeyrache, CLOTILDE
L’entreprise légale-mafieuse : efficience ou éthique ?
ABSTRACT
Perception of corruption is generally related to the reality of the phenomenon in academic literature. One of the questions that emerges is to what extent this relationship is relevant. This article addresses the notion of perception of corruption from another point of view. The objective is to understand the latter as a position of principle rather than as an impression. We shall therefore examine how different types of corruption are judged by the population. Economic reasoning will be then confronted with ethical considerations.
KEYWORDS
corruption, perception of corruption, types of corruption, ethics
Interview /Entrevue
Numéro 12 (2): 2015
Articles
Zerzour SAHAD
Kertour MOURAD
ABSTRACT
The article aims to analyze the determinants of the demand for credit by households in the city of Yaoundé, using data from a survey conducted in 2009 among 450 households. We propose a new approach of the determinants of credit demand by poor households in Cameroon. While many applicants get credit, many people do not seek credit or do not access the «microfinance». In our case we focus exclusively to individuals who need credit.
KEYWORDS
Microfinance, Cameroon
Denis ACCLASSATO
Éthique et évasion fiscale au Bénin
ABSTRACT
Tax are generally complex and sometimes unfair. In response to these distortions induced by taxes, taxpayers develop behaviors to reduce their tax. This leads into tax avoidance and even tax evasion. These avoidance strategies amplify the distortion effects of taxation. The objective of the paper is to show that ethics, a set of rules of conduct, could help reducing tax evasion permanently. If tax evasion is not limited, it threatens any collective action of contribution to tax revenue, knowing that the participants do not wish to pay for other.
KEYWORDS
ethics, optimal tax, tax evasion, Benin
Christian MAHIEU
La controverse éthique en entreprise : Ce que nous en disent des manuels d’éthique économique
ABSTRACT
Ethics is the subject of discourses and practices in companies and public spaces. I analyze here the phenomenon in terms of ethical controversy. Speaking of controversy means that a central theme emerges considered by stakeholders as mayor and recognized issues. The ethical controversy produces an effect of domination, but opens also a space for dialogue and confrontation. It produces effects that can lead, however, social actors to potential subversion of social relations. Many «handbooks» of business ethics punctuate the debate in the public space as such they are among the major media of this controversy. But reflections on business ethics are echoing links with conflictuality known by many studies as remaining while turning? Do the handbooks treat the question of the relationship of ethics to economic and social change, and how? Do they make links, or not, with the issues of justice and those of social conflicts within organizations? What conceptions of the subject, its liability and / or freedom, do these books show, or not, as such? Finally, do these business ethics handbooks, namely tackle the means and arrangements put in place under organization and decision, saying, ethical?
KEYWORDS
ethics, controversy, conflict, social norms, individual as subject
Hermann COELHO-DE-SOUZA
ABSTRACT
Analyzing a clipping of Lefebvre’s space theory and its dialogue with the doxa from Pierre Bourdieu as the theoretical basis, this research aims to build the concept of the “resistance space”. This is a qualitative study characterized as a metaphilosophy by which the knowledge is linked to the practice. This analysis on empirical object is based on the environmental conflict in the Gandarela Mountain Range, located in Brazil, in the state of Minas Gerais. Brazil is a giant supplier of iron ore exports for the world economy, and the state of Minas Gerais is where Vale – a very large transnational mining company – started its operation in the 1940s. Gandarela is the last mountain range environmentally well protected in the heart of Minas Gerais, holding a huge aquifer, but it has iron ore underground. An environmental-social movement has arisen to protect the place. For more than two years, participant observation was carried out and also in-depth interviews were applied to people belonging to the Movement for the Preservation of the Gandarela Mountain Range, who fights to block an iron ore mining activity proposed by “Vale”. The resistance movement proposed the creation of a National Park as an instrumental strategy, and the movement goes beyond conservationism, it opposes the actual social metabolism of the world economy and believes in a different society. Inspired by Lefebvre’s space theory I developed a spacial analysis of the Gandarela case. My hypothesis is that the “resistance space” transits between the abstract space and the differential space. The notion of the “resistance space” contributes for understanding the dimensions from the resistance struggles, their thoughts, and glimpses which guide their actions in the name of territories and communities. This research reached three dialectic representations of the resistance space: the “instruments”, the “contrapositions”, and the “utopia”. The focus of the paper is on the “contrapositions” of the resistance space, the arguments against mining and the current pattern of economic development, thoughts that go beyond development and economic valuation.
KEYWORDS
iron mining, Lefebvre’s space theory, resistance, contrapositions.
Ismael, MAHAMOUD
Houmed, MOHAMED
Jean-François, PONSOT
ABSTRACT
This communication focuses on the Djibouti monetary system based on the currency board. We highlight the conditions of its emergence, and stability after independence. This system certainly has the advantage of relying on a monetary rule limiting drifts economic policy. It establishes a dynamic development based not on the discretion, but the rules of convertibility and coverage of foreign exchange reserves. The anchoring of expectations does not have to be confronted with the ethics of policy maker and respect for good governance criteria. However, the risk of a stall with the reference currency -i.e. the US dollar- exist given excessive external debt and structural budget deficit and the current account. Add to that the weak governance in the management of public affairs. Simulations of the sustainability of external debt indicate that risks are important.
KEYWORDS
Currency Board, governance, liquidity, credibility, money supply
Adair, PHILIPPE
Berguiga, IMÈNE
ABSTRACT
This paper attempts to study the phenomenon of capital flight and money laundering in Morocco. It also aims at highlighting the scourging affluence of this occurrence which has become a real threat to the country’s economic and financial stability. This paper is motivated by a strong will to demonstrate the urgent necessity to prevent or at least to master this malicious phenomenon. This should not undermine the financial liberalization process pledged by Morocco.
KEYWORDS
Capital; money laundering; ethics; governance
Bangoura, LANSANA
Hounwanou, DIDIER
ABSTRACT
In this paper, we analyze the structure of the microfinance credit agreements in the presence of a double asymmetry of information on human capital and effort of the beneficiaries of loans. We study the impact of the accompaniment of project leaders on allocative efficiency and the repayment of loans. We find that in the absence of support, the risk of failure of the investment project is high enough and the increase in the interest rate as an adjustment variable discourages investment and amplifies discrimination access to credit. We also show that when the support is implied the risk of the investment project decreases and thus there is no risk transfer as part of the training and accompaniment of borrowers.
KEYWORDS
Microfinance, information asymmetry; training; discrimination; incentive contracts.
POLÍTICA DE CONFIABILIDAD
ETHICS, ECONOMICS & COMMON GOODS, vol. 19, No. 1, enero-junio 2022, es una publicación semestral editada por la Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla A.C., calle 21 Sur 1103, Col. Santiago, C.P. 72410, Puebla, Puebla. Tel. (222) 2299400, https://ethicsand-economics.
Editor responsable: Manuel Alejandro Gutiérrez González. Reserva de Derechos al Uso Exclusivo No. 04-2022071213543400-102, ISSN en trámite, ambos otorgados por el Instituto Nacional del Derecho de Autor. Responsable de la última actualización de este número, Universidad Tecnológica de Querétaro, TSU María Guadalupe García Guerrero, Av. Pie de la Cuesta 2501, col. Nacional, fecha de última modificación, 30 de julio de 2022.
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